Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)
Illustration redrawn by AI from a real photograph

Northern Cardinal

Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnaeus, 1758)

22 cmLength25–31 cmWingspan43 gWeight

The adult male is bright red with a black face mask and a crest held high.

Busiest months: May · Most records: United States, Canada, Mexico

Least Concern

How to identify

Field marks

  1. Prominent raised crest on the crown
  2. Adult male bright red, with black on the face extending to the upper breast
  3. Adult has a stout, conical, coral-colored bill
  4. Female grayish-rufous, with red on the wings and tail

Male, female and young

Adult male bright red; adult female grayish-rufous, with red on the wings and tail. Juvenile resembles the adult female in color.

Voice

Alarm call a single short metallic note.

Where and when it's recorded

Busiest months: May · Most records: United States, Canada, Mexico

Northern Cardinal has been recorded at 639 of the 8,276 birding hotspots we track, in 6 countries and regions.

Records by month Northern Hemisphere

Where it's recorded most

  1. Montrose Point Bird Sanctuary, Lincoln Park, ChicagoUnited States42,917 records
  2. Prospect ParkUnited States39,148 records
  3. Central ParkUnited States36,048 records
More places
  1. Magee Marsh – BoardwalkUnited States30,039 records
  2. Estero Llano Grande SP WBCUnited States23,756 records
  3. Point Pelee National ParkCanada22,102 records
  4. John Heinz NWR – impoundmentUnited States21,914 records
  5. Paton Center for HummingbirdsUnited States20,844 records
  6. Parker River NWRUnited States20,000 records
  7. Mount Auburn CemeteryUnited States19,690 records

Countries and regions with the most records

United StatesCanadaMexicoBermudaBelizeGuatemala

eBird records via GBIF up to 2024-12-31. A record means someone listed it; more records partly mean more birders, not more birds.

About

The northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), also commonly known as the common cardinal, red cardinal, or simply cardinal, is a bird in the genus Cardinalis. It can be found in southeastern Canada, through the eastern United States from Maine to Minnesota to Texas, New Mexico, southern Arizona, southern California and south through Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala. It is also an introduced species in a few locations such as Bermuda and all major islands of Hawaii since its introduction in 1929.

Excerpt from Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0 · authors · Read more on Wikipedia

Questions

How big is the Northern Cardinal?

The Northern Cardinal is about 22 cm long, with a wingspan of 25–31 cm and weighs around 43 g.

Where does the Northern Cardinal live?

Its breeding range: North America, Middle America: eastern, southern, southwestern USA and Mexico. It is most often recorded in United States, Canada and Mexico.

When is the best time to see the Northern Cardinal?

At the hotspots we track, it is recorded most in May (Northern Hemisphere).

Is the Northern Cardinal endangered?

The IUCN Red List classifies the Northern Cardinal as Least Concern.

What does the Northern Cardinal eat?

Main food: Omnivore.

What family is the Northern Cardinal in?

It belongs to the family Cardinals & Allies (Cardinalidae), order Passerines (Passeriformes).

At a glance

Length
22 cm
Wingspan
25–31 cm
Weight
43 g
Habitat
Shrubland
Diet
Omnivore
Lifestyle
Perches in trees
Migration
Resident (barely migrates)
Conservation
Least Concern
More measurements
Wing
94 mm
Tail
102 mm
Bill
18 mm
Tarsus
24 mm

Averages from the AVONET dataset; length from field guides where available.

Range

North America, Middle America: eastern, southern, southwestern USA and Mexico

Breeding range, IOC World Bird List 15.2

Classification

Order
Passerines Passeriformes
Family
Cardinals & Allies Cardinalidae
Genus
Cardinalis

Other birds in the genus Cardinalis

Northern Cardinal

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Free to use with credit: “Illustration: Bird Album (birdalbum.com)”. Drawn by AI from a reference photo by nancylightfoot. ↗

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