Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
Illustration redrawn by AI from a real photograph

Common Kestrel

Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, 1758

32–39 cmLength73 cmWingspan183 gWeight

Pale chestnut with black spots on the back, it often hovers 10–20 m above the ground while searching for prey.

Busiest months: September–October · Most records: United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal

Looks like Lesser Kestrel

Least Concern

How to identify

Field marks

  1. A single prominent black cheek stripe
  2. Pale chestnut, with black spots on the back
  3. Underparts pale brown, with fine black streaks
  4. Cere, legs and feet and the ring around the eye bright yellow

Male, female and young

The male has a blue-gray crown and tail and fewer black spots; the female is larger and has a rufous tail with black barring; juveniles resemble the female.

Similar species

Where and when it's recorded

Common Kestrel has been recorded at 3,522 of the 8,171 birding hotspots we track, in 132 countries and regions.

Records by month Northern Hemisphere

Where it's recorded most

  1. Desembocadura del Guadalhorce – ÁreaSpain4,325 records
  2. Lezíria Grande de Vila Franca de Xira – área geralPortugal4,240 records
  3. Beddington FarmlandsUnited Kingdom3,738 records
More places
  1. Titchwell Marsh RSPB ReserveUnited Kingdom3,530 records
  2. Private estate near Green MubazzarahUnited Arab Emirates3,323 records
  3. LindusSpain3,232 records
  4. El Oso – Laguna y entornoSpain3,196 records
  5. Amwell HMWT NRUnited Kingdom3,151 records
  6. Spurn Bird Observatory Recording AreaUnited Kingdom2,843 records
  7. PN Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina – CabranosaPortugal2,747 records

Countries and regions with the most records

United KingdomSpainPortugalChinaIsraelGermanyIndiaGreece

eBird records via GBIF up to 2024-12-31. A record means someone listed it; more records partly mean more birders, not more birds.

About

The common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), also known as the European kestrel, Eurasian kestrel, Old World kestrel, is a species of predatory bird belonging to the kestrel group of the falcon family Falconidae. In the United Kingdom, where no other kestrel species commonly occurs, it is generally just called the "kestrel".

Excerpt from Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0 · authors · Read more on Wikipedia

Questions

How big is the Common Kestrel?

The Common Kestrel is about 32–39 cm long, with a wingspan of 73 cm and weighs around 183 g.

Where does the Common Kestrel live?

Its breeding range: Palearctic, Africa: widespread. It is most often recorded in United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal.

When is the best time to see the Common Kestrel?

At the hotspots we track, it is recorded most in September and October (Northern Hemisphere).

Is the Common Kestrel endangered?

The IUCN Red List classifies the Common Kestrel as Least Concern.

What does the Common Kestrel eat?

Main food: Vertebrate prey.

What family is the Common Kestrel in?

It belongs to the family Caracaras, Falcons (Falconidae), order Falconiformes.

At a glance

Length
32–39 cm
Wingspan
73 cm
Weight
183 g
Habitat
Shrubland
Diet
Vertebrate prey
Lifestyle
Feeds in the air
Migration
Migratory
Conservation
Least Concern
More measurements
Wing
242 mm
Tail
158 mm
Bill
21 mm
Tarsus
38 mm

Averages from the AVONET dataset; length from field guides where available.

Range

Palearctic, Africa: widespread

Breeding range, IOC World Bird List 15.2

Subspecies · 1
  • Falco tinnunculus perpallidus ne Siberia to ne China and Korean Pen. | non-breeding: e, se Asia

Classification

Family
Caracaras, Falcons Falconidae
Genus
Falco

Other birds in the genus Falco

Common Kestrel

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Free to use with credit: “Illustration: Bird Album (birdalbum.com)”. Drawn by AI from a reference photo by Andreas Trepte. ↗

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