Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe)
Illustration redrawn by AI from a real photograph

Northern Wheatear

Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus, 1758)

14–16 cmLength28 cmWingspan25 gWeight

This small wheatear has a white rump and tail with a single black inverted T at the tail tip.

Busiest months: September · Most records: United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal

Least Concern

How to identify

Field marks

  1. Rump and tail white
  2. Tail tip with a black inverted T-shaped marking
  3. Summer male with gray upperparts and black wings and face mask

Male, female and young

Summer male with gray upperparts and black wings and face mask; female pale brown above and buff below; autumn male resembles the female but retains black wings.

Voice

A typical “chat chack”, also given in flight.

Where and when it's recorded

Northern Wheatear has been recorded at 1,590 of the 8,171 birding hotspots we track, in 121 countries and regions.

Records by month Northern Hemisphere

Where it's recorded most

  1. GambellUnited States2,186 records
  2. SkokholmUnited Kingdom1,434 records
  3. Spurn Bird Observatory Recording AreaUnited Kingdom1,393 records
More places
  1. Portland BillUnited Kingdom1,310 records
  2. St Mary'sUnited Kingdom1,280 records
  3. RivaTürkiye1,250 records
  4. Fair IsleUnited Kingdom1,204 records
  5. Azud de RiolobosSpain1,047 records
  6. Aberlady Bay LNRUnited Kingdom1,003 records
  7. Calf of ManIsle of Man980 records

Countries and regions with the most records

United KingdomSpainPortugalNorwayUnited StatesSwedenKenyaTürkiye

eBird records via GBIF up to 2024-12-31. A record means someone listed it; more records partly mean more birders, not more birds.

About

The northern wheatear or wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) is a small passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family. It is the most widespread member of the wheatear genus Oenanthe in Europe and North and Central Asia. The northern wheatear is a migratory insectivorous species breeding in open stony country in Europe and east across the Palearctic with footholds in northeastern Canada and Greenland as well as in northwestern Canada and Alaska.

Excerpt from Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0 · authors · Read more on Wikipedia

Questions

How big is the Northern Wheatear?

The Northern Wheatear is about 14–16 cm long, with a wingspan of 28 cm and weighs around 25 g.

Where does the Northern Wheatear live?

Its breeding range: Palearctic: widespread, also northern North America. It is most often recorded in United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal.

When is the best time to see the Northern Wheatear?

At the hotspots we track, it is recorded most in September (Northern Hemisphere).

Is the Northern Wheatear endangered?

The IUCN Red List classifies the Northern Wheatear as Least Concern.

What does the Northern Wheatear eat?

Main food: Insects & other invertebrates.

What family is the Northern Wheatear in?

It belongs to the family Chats, Old World Flycatchers (Muscicapidae), order Passerines (Passeriformes).

At a glance

Length
14–16 cm
Wingspan
28 cm
Weight
25 g
Habitat
Grassland
Diet
Insects & other invertebrates
Lifestyle
Perches in trees
Migration
Migratory
Conservation
Least Concern
More measurements
Wing
95 mm
Tail
57 mm
Bill
18 mm
Tarsus
27 mm

Averages from the AVONET dataset; length from field guides where available.

Range

Palearctic: widespread, also northern North America

Breeding range, IOC World Bird List 15.2

Subspecies · 1
  • Oenanthe oenanthe libanotica s Europe through the Middle East and sw Asia to Mongolia and nw China | non-breeding: n Africa and sw Asia

Classification

Order
Passerines Passeriformes
Family
Chats, Old World Flycatchers Muscicapidae
Genus
Oenanthe

Other birds in the genus Oenanthe

Northern Wheatear

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Free to use with credit: “Illustration: Bird Album (birdalbum.com)”. Drawn by AI from a reference photo by Andreas Trepte. ↗

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